Mount Kilimanjaro, located in Tanzania, is the highest mountain in Africa, standing at approximately 5,895 meters (19,341 feet) above sea level. It is unique as a free-standing volcanic mountain, not part of a mountain range, and has three volcanic cones: Kibo, Mawenzi, and Shira. The peak, Uhuru Peak, is located on Kibo, the tallest cone, which is dormant but could potentially erupt again in the future.

Kilimanjaro’s diverse ecosystems make it an extraordinary destination for climbers and nature lovers. The mountain has five main ecological zones:

1. Cultivated lower slopes – characterized by farmland and villages.
2. Rainforest – rich in biodiversity and often shrouded in mist.
3. Heather and moorland – filled with unique plants like giant groundsels and lobelias.
4. Alpine desert – barren and arid, with extreme temperatures.
5. Arctic summit – glaciers and ice fields at the top, though rapidly shrinking due to climate change.

Climbing Kilimanjaro doesn’t require technical mountaineering skills, but altitude sickness is a significant risk due to the rapid elevation gain. There are several routes, such as the Marangu, Machame, and Lemosho routes, each offering different scenery and challenges.